2 Samuel 21:15

Authorized King James Version

Moreover the Philistines had yet war again with Israel; and David went down, and his servants with him, and fought against the Philistines: and David waxed faint.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתְּהִי
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
ע֧וֹד
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
#3
מִלְחָמָ֛ה
had yet war
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#4
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
Moreover the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#5
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#6
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
again with Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#7
וַיֵּ֨רֶד
went down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#8
דָּוִֽד׃
and David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#9
וַֽעֲבָדָ֥יו
and his servants
a servant
#10
עִמּ֛וֹ
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#11
וַיִּלָּֽחֲמ֥וּ
with him and fought
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
#12
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#13
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
Moreover the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#14
וַיָּ֥עַף
waxed faint
to fly; also (by implication of dimness) to faint (from the darkness of swooning)
#15
דָּוִֽד׃
and David
david, the youngest son of jesse

Analysis

Within the broader context of 2 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 2 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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